Java实现拦截HTTP请求的几种方式

发布网友发布时间：2022-04-25 20:43

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热心网友时间：2022-05-02 19:03

在Java的服务端开发当中，*是很常见的业务场景，这里对Java开发当中几种常见的*的实现方式进行记录和分析。案例说明基于Spring Boot环境。
一：实现javax.servlet.Filter接口（使用过滤器方式拦截请求）
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import javax.servlet.*;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.Date;@Componentpublic class TimeInterceptor implements Filter {@Overridepublic void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {System.out.println("time filter init");}@Overridepublic void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {System.out.println("time filter start");long start = new Date().getTime();filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);System.out.println("time filter 耗时："+(new Date().getTime()-start));System.out.println("time filter finish");}@Overridepublic void destroy() {System.out.println("time filter destroy");}}

如使用@Compent注解声明不需要加入其它配置即可使得*生效，但是默认拦截/*，会拦截所有请求。
二：使用@Bean注入自定义*，依然上面的代码，去掉@Compent注解，创建TimeWebConfig配置类：
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;@Configurationpublic class TimeWebConfig {@Beanpublic FilterRegistrationBean timeFilter(){FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();TimeInterceptor interceptor = new TimeInterceptor();registrationBean.setFilter(interceptor);List<String> urls = new ArrayList<>();urls.add("/user/*");registrationBean.setUrlPatterns(urls);return registrationBean;}}

上面这两种拦截请求的实现是基于JavaEE提供的Filter接口实现的，缺点在于，该*实际上是一个过滤器，执行代码的方法doFilter只提供了request，response等参数，当请求进入被过滤器拦截的时候，我们并不知道这个请求是由哪个控制器的哪个方法来执行的。
三：使用springMVC提供的*，实现org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor接口：
创建自定义的*：
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import org.springframework.web.method.HandlerMethod;import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import java.util.Date;@Componentpublic class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {@Overridepublic boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object handler) throws Exception {System.out.println("preHandler");System.out.println(((HandlerMethod) handler).getBean().getClass().getName());System.out.println(((HandlerMethod) handler).getMethod().getName());httpServletRequest.setAttribute("start", new Date().getTime());return true;}@Overridepublic void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {System.out.println("postHandler");Long start = (Long) httpServletRequest.getAttribute("start");System.out.println("time interceptor 耗时："+(new Date().getTime()-start));}@Overridepublic void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throws Exception {System.out.println("afterCompletion");Long start = (Long) httpServletRequest.getAttribute("start");System.out.println("time interceptor 耗时："+(new Date().getTime()-start));System.out.println("ex is:"+e);}}

创建配置类：
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;@Configurationpublic class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {@Autowiredprivate MyInterceptor interceptor;@Overridepublic void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {registry.addInterceptor(interceptor).addPathPatterns("/user/*").excludePathPatterns("/blog/*");}}

此种方式的*当中我们能够获取拦截的请求对应的类和方法的相关信息，缺点在于该handler对象无法获取具体执行方法的参数信息。
四：利用Spring的切面（AOP）实现*：
引入jar包：
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId></dependency>

创建切片类：
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import java.util.Date;@Aspect@Componentpublic class TimeAspect {@Around("execution(* com.qinker.controller.UserController.*(..))")public Object handlerControllerMethod(ProceedingJoinPoint point) throws Throwable {System.out.println("time aspect start");long start = new Date().getTime();Object[] args = point.getArgs();for (Object obj : args) {System.out.println("arg is:"+obj);}Object obj = point.proceed();//具体方法的返回值System.out.println("aspect 耗时："+(new Date().getTime()-start));System.out.println("time aspect end");return obj;}}
aspectj基于AOP实现的*功能十分强大，具体详解请参考spring官网网站的文档。

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Java实现拦截HTTP请求的几种方式