什么是不定冠词?

发布网友 发布时间:2022-04-23 21:53

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热心网友 时间:2023-09-16 11:09

不定冠词用来表示“一”这个数量,意思和one差不多:
Rome was not built in a day.
罗马不是一天建成的。

The plan will be ready in a week or two.
计划一两周内就可定好。

How much is it?-- Twenty cents a catty.
怎么卖?——两毛一斤。

A stitch in time saves nine.
及时(缝)一针顶十针。

这种用法在表示重量、长度、时间等的词组中特别普遍,例如:a pair of socks, a hundred, two yuan a metre, eight hours a day, twice a week, a cup of coffee, a handful of, at a blow, at a stretch, one at a time, in a word, at a glance.

不定冠词也可用来表示“某一个”(仍然译作“一个”):

A professor from their university is coming to give us a talk.
他们大学的一位教授将来给我们做报告。

This poem was written by a student.
这首诗是一个学生写的。

At that time I was working in a factory.
那时我在一家工厂工作。

She picked up a magazine and began to read.
她拿起一本杂志开始看起来。

至于究竟指哪个人或东西这里是看不出来的,如果指某特定的人或东西,就必须用定冠词,例如:

Where is the professor from their university?
他们大学来的那位教授在哪里?

在作表语或同位语用的名词前加不定冠词的情形也是很多的,这时主要说明某个人或东西是属于哪一类:

This is a sanatorium for textile workers.
这是一所纺织工人疗养院。

The peasant girl has now become an engineer.
这个农村姑娘现在成了工程师了。

Is this a planer or a lathe?
这是刨床还是车床?

This is Mr. Brown, a member of the trade union committee.
这是工会委员布朗先生。

这种表示类别的用法在下面这类句子中也可以看到:

He worked as a language teacher in that university.
他在那所大学里任语文教员。

She was soon accepted as a member of the club.
不久她就被接受加入了这个俱乐部。

We all thought him a suitable person for the job.
我们都认为他是适合这项工作的人。

不定冠词还可以和名词一起来代表一类人或东西:

A teacher must love his students.
老师应当爱学生。

The best way to learn a language is to live among its speakers.
学语言最好的办法是生活在说这种语言的人当中。

A semi-conctor has some important properties.
半导体有一些重要的特性。

Even a child can answer this question.
就是小孩子也能回答这个问题。

不定冠词在表示“一个”或“某一个”意思的时候,在译为汉语时,一般都有“一”字出现。在不定冠词表示类别时,译为汉语时“一”字是不一定出现的。正因为这样,我们在表示这类意思时,常常受汉语的影响,忘了加冠词,因此必须特别注意。一般来说,可数名词单数,如果是泛指,前面总是要加不定冠词的。另外不定冠词在表示类别时,如果要把不定冠词后的名词变为复数,只要把不定冠词去掉就行了,因为可数名词复数也有表类别的作用,如:

These are sanatoria for textile workers.
Are they planers or lathes?
Teachers must love their students.
Semi-conctors have some important properties.

而不定冠词表示“一个”或“某一个”的时候,如果把不定冠词的名词变为复数,但把不定冠词去掉还不行,还得补上一个数词或不定代词(如:some, any等),如:

The plan will be ready in a few weeks.
Some professors from their university are coming to speak here today.
She picked up two magazines and began to read.

这是因为“一个”或“某一个”变为复数时就成为“几个”或“某几个”的缘故。

热心网友 时间:2023-09-16 11:09

1.冠词指不定冠词a,an和定冠词the

2.不定冠词an常用于元音发音开头的词前,
如:an hour,an English car. 请区别:a useful machine

3.指上文提到过的人或物,用定冠词the

4.在世界上独一无二的事物前用定冠词the.如:the sun,the moon,the earth

5.定冠词the用于序数词前,表示方位的名词和形容词最高级前。
如:the first,the best ,in the south

6.在复数姓氏前加the,表示××一家人,常看成复数。
如:The Browns are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer.

7.在介词短语中常用定冠词the,如:in the box ,behind the chair

8.特别注意不能用定冠词the的几个方面:

(1)在节日、星期、月份、季节、年等词前不用冠词。如:in summer,in August

请区别:in the spring of 1945. (这里表示特指,故加the)

(2)一日三餐和球类运动名不用冠词。 如:have breakfast ,play football

(3)一些固定词组中,如:go to bed ,go to school,by bus ,at night.

9.在有些词组中,有冠词和无冠词意思不同,请注意区别:

in front of 在…前面
in the hospital 在医院里
in the front of 在…范围内的前部
in hospital (生病)住院

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