第39卷 2015年第2期 黑龙江医学 Vo1.39,No.2 HEILONGJIANG MEDICAL JOURNAL Feb.2015 191 乳腺非肿块样强化病变诊断的MRI及钼靶X线摄影的对比研究 于兰英,姜洪,李冬雪 (黑龙江省医院南岗分院影像科,黑龙江哈尔滨150001) 摘要:目的探讨乳腺核磁共振(MRI)及x线摄影诊断乳腺非肿块样强化(NMLE)病变的敏感性、特异性和准确性。方法 以病理诊断为“金标准”,经病理证实的单发7O例NMLE,分析其钼靶x线摄影、MRI影像特点及两种检查对NMLE的诊断效能, MR1分析参数包括时间一信号强度曲线和表观扩散系数(ADC)。结景 24例良性,46例恶性,MRI及钼靶x线摄影鉴别NMLE 良恶性病变的敏感性分别为89.1%和41.3%;特异性分别为62.5%和95.8%。钼靶x线摄影判断乳腺癌的依据为钙化,结构扭 曲紊乱,其他伴随征象。MRI判断依据为时间信号强度曲线类型、ADC值、病变分布形态等。结论诊断的敏感性低,影像特点单一,比较容易漏诊,MRI敏感性高,是成为NMLE的重要检查手段。 关键词:乳腺非肿块样强化病变;磁共振成像;钼靶X线摄影术 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004—5775.2015.02.040 钼靶x线摄影对NMLE病变 学科分类代码:320.67 中图分类号:R737.9 文献标识码:B Comparative Study of MlU and Mammography in the Diagnosis of Breast Diseases Presented as Non—mass Like Enhancement/ YU Lan—ying,JIANG Hong,LI Dong—xae//(Department ofRadiology,Nangang Branch ofHeilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin 150001,CHINA) Abstract:0bjective To compare the sensitivity,speciifcity and veracity of MRI and mammography in detecting breast diseases presented as non—mass like enhancement(NMLE)。Methods Through regarding“pathologic diagnosis”as the gold standard,presented as single NMLE lesions,70 patients diagnostic performance and imaging features were analyzed.MRI parameters included time—signal curve and MRI apparent diffusion coefficient.Results Pathologically,24 were benign and 46 were malinantg.The sensitivity of MRI and mammography was 89.1%and 41.3%respectively and the speciifcity was 62.5%and 95.8%.The calciifcation.structure distortion and disorder,colnlnon incidental sins on magmmography and time—sinalg curve and MRI apparent difusion coefficient on MR1 were the key in- dexes for cancer detection and diagnosis.Conclusion Mammography has poor sensitivity and characteirstics of a single lesion image in de— tecting breast lesions and may lead to misdiagnosis.MR1 will be an important examination method for NMLE. Key words:Breast diseases presented as non—mass like;MRI;Mammography 乳腺癌是女性常见恶性肿瘤之一,根据美国癌症协会(the Ameircan Cancer Society,ACS)2011年调查统计报告显示,乳腺 1.2扫描设备及方法 采用Siemens Avanto 1.5T超导型磁共振仪,所有病例均行 常规、增强扫描及DWI(扩散加权成像)检查。扫描范围包括 双侧全部乳腺组织、相应水平胸前部及腋窝。受检者取俯卧 位,使双侧乳腺充分暴露,自然悬垂于检查线圈内,双臂置于头 端两侧,头足位进入磁场。MR扫描包括T1wI、T2WI、FLAIR 序列和DWI序列扫描。T1WI扫描参数为:TR/TE=86/4.7ms, 层厚4.0 mm,层间隔1 mm,视野(FOV)34 cmx 34 cm,矩阵320 癌占美国女性恶性肿瘤发病数的近30%_l J。根据流行病学统 计,2008年我国的乳腺癌发病率为21.6/10万,预计到2021 年,发病率将达到80/10万【2 J。非肿块样强化(non—mass like enhancement,NMLE)病变的定义来源于核磁共振(MRI)乳 腺影像报告和数据系统(BI—RADS),指在MRI图像上无位效 应的一类病变 】。其组织病理构成同肿块样病变不同,内部结 构比较松散,通常伴有正常的脂肪及腺体组织,所以是钼靶x 线摄影和超声诊断的难点。而乳腺MRI具有较好的软组织分 x256,NEX=1.0;'12WI扫描参数为:TR 4 646 ms,TE 69 ms, 层厚4.0 mm,层间隔1 mm,视野(FOV)34 cm x 34 cm,矩阵320 x 192,NEX:2.0。获得轴位T1WI、T2WI后进行增强扫描,对 辨率及多参数成像的特点,对其具有较高的敏感性 5 J,本研 究重点分析乳腺MRI及钼靶X线摄影对NMLE的诊断效能, 从而比较二者对NMLE病变的诊断价值。 1资料与方法 1.1研究对象 比剂使用钆喷替酸葡甲胺(Gd—DTPA),剂量0.1 mmol/kg,静 脉注射,扫描分为6~8组。第一序列为平扫,其余为增强,再 行轴位、矢状位和冠状位扫描,参数同T1WI平扫。DWI:采用 单次激发回波平面成像技术,扩散敏感系数b值分别为 0 s/mm 和1000 s/mm 。TR 6500 ms,TE 113 ms,视野340 x 选择我院2013—06~2014—10间分别完成乳腺x线摄影 及MRI检查并有病理结果的70例NMLE患者,年龄25~69 岁,平均年龄47岁。纳入研究标准:(1)未绝经妇女接受乳腺 检查于月经后3—7 d。(2)以乳腺MRl上表现的NMLE为标 准,由两名医师共同诊断,肿块样病变伴周围乳腺腺病的不再 研究之列。(3)每一患者的钼靶x线及MRI检查均在半月内 340 mm,矩阵128 x 128,层厚1.0 mm,层距1.0 mm。在弥散图 像上选择病变的感兴趣区(region of interest,ROI),由软件测量 得出ADC(表现扩散系数)值。钼靶x线摄影采用意大利进口 乳腺摄影机,标准四投照体位,包括双侧乳腺头尾位(cc)及内 外斜位(MLO)摄片,部分患者加拍局部压迫放大位(Spot Com- pression View)和内外位(Mediolateral View)o 1.3图像处理和分析 完成,检查前均未行手术,放化疗及其他抗肿瘤治疗。(4)所有 病例均于检查后一周内行穿刺或手术病理证实。(5)排除影像 病变与病理不对应病例。 钼靶x线摄影和MRI均由两位多年从事影像诊断的高年 第39卷 194 2015年第2期 黑龙江医学 Vo1.39.No.2 Feb.2015 HEILONGJIANG MEDICAL J0URNAL DWI是唯一能够观察活体水分子微观扩散运动的一种功能成像 方法,而ADC是一个可以量化的指标,它与病变的细胞密度有 screening diagnosis and treatment[J].Lancet,2011(5): l804~18l1. 关,首先根据受试者工作特征曲线确定ADC阈值,然后所测得 病变的ADC值与之比较,与肿块的DWI—ADC阈值不同,肿块 ican College of Radiology.ACR BI~RADS magnetic [11] Amerreso—nance imaging.In ACR breast imaging reporting and 的ADC阈值是1.06×10。 /s,NMLE的ADC阈值是 data system breast imaging at las[J].Reston ACR,2003:41 —1.37×10 Ⅱl /s。本研究中,有1例粘液腺癌ADC较高,造成 过诊断,符合张静等。如 人提出的,粘液腺癌肿瘤细胞密度低而 细胞外液多,可出现粘液湖,这种病理学特征可能是粘液腺癌 1o9. 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